Tag: BIOS

In this post I will describe how to flash a BIOS (SPI) chip using a Arduino Duemilanove. I first learned about this method after reading about it on hackaday. At the time I had a Asus P5B motherboard that suffered from a bad BIOS flash and needed to be recovered. I tried other methods before but found none were as easy as this one. So lets get started. The following steps:

• Preparing the environment
• Connecting the programmer to the chip
• Flashing the chip
• Testing

Preparing the environment

Hardware

• Arduino Duemilanove (full list can be found here https://www.flashrom.org/Serprog/Arduino_flasher )
• A flash chip that is supported by flashrom ( full list available here https://www.flashrom.org/Supported_hardware )

Software

• Ubuntu 16/18 VM
• Flashrom
• Fser-duino

Install software

Installing dependencies

sudo apt install git libpci-dev libusb-dev libusb-1.0 gcc-avr binutils-avr avr-libc avrdude

Installing flashrom

git clone git://github.com/flashrom/flashrom.git
cd flashrom 
make && sudo make install

Installing frser-duino

git clone --recursive git://github.com/urjaman/frser-duino
cd frser-duino
make ftdi <--- depends on your Arduino
make flash-ftdi <--- same

Connecting the programmer and the chip

The table below shows which pins on the Arduino should go to which pin on the SPI flash chip:

Arduino pins	Chip/header
13	SCLK
12	SI
11	SO
10	CS
3V	VCC
GND	GND

Flashing the SPI chip

To verify that everything is working correctly we first run flashrom without any operations:

tom@ubuntu-vm:~$ sudo flashrom -p serprog:dev=/dev/ttyUSB0:2000000
flashrom v0.9.9-91-g0bfa819 on Linux 4.10.0-28-generic (x86_64)
flashrom is free software, get the source code at https://flashrom.org

Using clock_gettime for delay loops (clk_id: 1, resolution: 1ns).
serprog: Programmer name is "frser-duino"
Found Macronix flash chip "MX25L8005" (1024 kB, SPI) on serprog.
No operations were specified.

As can be seen from the above command output, both the Arduino and the SPI chip are detected. Now we can continue with writing the new BIOS to the chip:

tom@ubuntu-vm:~$ sudo flashrom -p serprog:dev=/dev/ttyUSB0:2000000 -w <NEWBIOS>

flashrom v0.9.9-91-g0bfa819 on Linux 4.10.0-28-generic (x86_64)
flashrom is free software, get the source code at https://flashrom.org

Using clock_gettime for delay loops (clk_id: 1, resolution: 1ns).
serprog: Programmer name is "frser-duino"
Found Macronix flash chip "MX25L8005" (1024 kB, SPI) on serprog.
Reading old flash chip contents... done.
Erasing and writing flash chip... Erase/write done.
Verifying flash... VERIFIED.

And thats it, the new BIOS is written to the chip and all that is left is testing if my computer boots up again.

References

• https://hackaday.com/2012/05/04/arduino-uno-bios-flasher/
• http://www.flashrom.org/Serprog/Arduino_flasher
• https://github.com/urjaman/frser-duino
• https://github.com/flashrom/ http://systats.or8.net/hpspi/
• https://h30434.www3.hp.com/t5/Desktop-Hardware-and-Upgrade-Questions/HP-Envy-23-AIO-No-Beep-Screen-Blank-No-USB/m-p/5715632/highlight/true#M133287

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